Give the difference between eclipsed ethane and staggered ethane.
(N/A) The differences between eclipsed and staggered ethane are as follows:
| Feature | Eclipsed Ethane | Staggered Ethane |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| $(i)$ Sawhorse projection | $C-H$ bonds are aligned. | $C-H$ bonds are staggered. |
| $(ii)$ Newman projection | $H$ atoms are directly behind each other. | $H$ atoms are at maximum distance. |
| $(iii)$ Dihedral angle | $0^{\circ}$ | $60^{\circ}$ |
| $(iv)$ Stability | Less stable due to high torsional strain. | More stable due to minimum repulsion. |
| $(v)$ Energy | Higher energy. | Lower energy (by $12.5 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$). |
| Feature | Eclipsed Ethane | Staggered Ethane |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| $(i)$ Sawhorse projection | $C-H$ bonds are aligned. | $C-H$ bonds are staggered. |
| $(ii)$ Newman projection | $H$ atoms are directly behind each other. | $H$ atoms are at maximum distance. |
| $(iii)$ Dihedral angle | $0^{\circ}$ | $60^{\circ}$ |
| $(iv)$ Stability | Less stable due to high torsional strain. | More stable due to minimum repulsion. |
| $(v)$ Energy | Higher energy. | Lower energy (by $12.5 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$). |
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